Nuclear energy accounts for approximately 3% of the country’s total energy production.
Over the past five years, nuclear energy has undergone significant changes in many countries worldwide, and Brazil is no exception. From the increasing pursuit of clean energy sources to economic and security challenges, the implementation of nuclear energy remains a relevant topic. Below, we provide an overview of the current situation regarding the use of nuclear energy in Brazil.
Recent Use and Evolution
In the past five years, Brazil’s nuclear energy matrix has remained relatively stable, with slight increases in capacity. Nuclear energy accounts for approximately 3% of the country’s total energy production. Two main nuclear power plants, Angra 1 and Angra 2, located in Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro state, are responsible for this energy generation. A third reactor, Angra 3, is currently under construction and is expected to increase this contribution significantly once completed.
Installation and Operation Costs
The installation and operation of nuclear plants are considerably expensive than those of other energy sources, such as hydroelectric and wind power. Building a nuclear reactor can take 5 to 10 years and require billion-dollar investments. However, nuclear energy offers a unique advantage: it is not subject to the climatic variations that affect other sources, ensuring a constant energy supply.
Reactor Modernization
The reactors used in Brazil follow strict international safety and modernization standards. Angra 1 and Angra 2 have undergone updates to improve efficiency and safety. The construction of Angra 3 also incorporates more advanced technologies to ensure greater safety and lower environmental impact.
The National Nuclear Energy Commission (CNEN) is responsible for regulating and monitoring nuclear energy in Brazil. CNEN ensures that operations follow strict safety standards to protect both the population and the environment.
Nuclear Waste Management
Nuclear waste management is a critical aspect of nuclear energy. In Brazil, low- and medium-level activity wastes are stored near the facilities, while long-term solutions are being sought. Plans are underway to develop geological repositories for storing high-activity waste, although these are still in the planning phase.
Future of Nuclear Energy in Brazil
With the growing demand for energy sources that are both efficient and sustainable, Brazil’s nuclear energy sector is at a decisive crossroads. The completion of Angra 3 and the possibility of new nuclear projects can strengthen the country’s role in the global clean energy scenario. However, this progress must be conducted with a firm commitment to safety, proper regulation, and effective waste management strategies.
The future of nuclear energy in Brazil hinges on striking a careful balance between technological innovation and environmental responsibility, thereby ensuring a positive contribution to a more sustainable and cleaner energy future.
This Post was submitted by Climate Scorecard Brazil Country Manager, Carlos Alexandre de Oliveira.