Public transportation in Brazil plays an essential role in urban mobility, and millions of citizens use it daily. The main means of public transportation are buses and urban trains, which connect different regions and facilitate the population’s movement.
Number and Types of Vehicles in Use
Brazil has a diverse fleet of public vehicles. According to data from the Ministry of Transportation, the national fleet includes urban, intercity, and interstate buses, as well as metropolitan trains and subways. Buses represent the largest part of public transportation, and they are operated by private and municipal companies.
Number of Passengers Transported per Day
Public transportation in Brazil moves millions of passengers daily. In 2023, the demand for urban buses was approximately 214 million passengers per month, representing a significant decrease compared to 2013, when this number was 390 million. Trains and subways also play a crucial role, especially in large metropolises such as São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro.
Use Methods and Services Provided
Buses and trains are used daily to commute to work, school, and leisure. Services include regular lines, express buses, and integrated systems that allow connections between different modes of transport. In addition, some cities offer electric buses and vehicles with accessibility for people with disabilities.
Types and Quantity of Fuel Used
Most buses in Brazil still use diesel as their main fuel, although initiatives are underway to introduce biofuels and electrify the fleet. The subway and urban trains are also powered by electricity, contributing to the reduction of pollutant gas emissions.
Cost per Person for Using Public Transport
The cost of public transport varies according to the city and the type of service. In São Paulo, for example, the fare for the municipal bus is around R$5.00 per trip. Some cities have adopted zero-fare policies, benefiting millions of Brazilians and ensuring greater accessibility to public transport.
Impact on Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Public transportation can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions by replacing individual vehicles with more efficient collective modes. However, dependence on diesel still represents an environmental challenge. Fleet electrification and the use of biofuels are promising alternatives to mitigate this impact.
Use Trends in the Last Ten Years
Over the last ten years, the use of public transportation in Brazil has decreased, mainly due to the increase in individual transportation and the popularization of mobility apps. The COVID-19 pandemic has also negatively impacted the demand for public transportation.
Future Projections
The future of public transportation in Brazil points to greater integration between modes and the adoption of sustainable technologies, such as electric buses and biomethane. Electric mobility and the expansion of subway and BRT systems are trends that can improve efficiency and reduce environmental impacts.
Public transportation continues to be a fundamental element for urban mobility in Brazil. Despite the challenges, investments in infrastructure and sustainability can ensure a more efficient and accessible system for all.
This Post was submitted by Climate Scorecard Brazil Country Manager Carlos Alexandre de Oliveira.