Brazil’s forest area is significant. It is equivalent to approximately 58.5% of the national territory, covering an area of about 497,962,509 hectares (or 4,979,625 km²)1. Of this total area, approximately 98% corresponds to natural forests, while only 2% are planted forests.
Brazil is home to an impressive diversity of tree species. It is estimated that there are around 7,880 tree species in the country. For example, we find large trees in the Amazon Rainforest, such as chestnut trees, rubber trees, jatobás, and many others. These trees play a vital role in climate balance, absorbing carbon dioxide (CO2) during photosynthesis and releasing oxygen. However, deforestation and burning have negatively impacted this process, releasing carbon into the atmosphere and intensifying the greenhouse effect.
According to data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), Brazil has lost 513,000 km² of green area in two decades, equivalent to 6% of the national territory. The country leads the world ranking for forest deforestation, with around 1.5 million hectares of native biome lost in 2021. The Amazon, Cerrado, and Caatinga are the most affected biomes.
In the last 10 years, deforestation in Brazil has been a concern. Expanding the agricultural frontier and constructing roads, mining, and logging have contributed to the destruction of forests. In 2021, the country lost around 1.5 million hectares of native biome, with the Amazon being the epicenter of this deforestation.
Fires also have a significant impact. In 2024, fires in the Amazon emitted 31 million tons of CO2, equivalent to the emissions of the entire United Kingdom in a single month.
Brazil needs to balance economic development with forest conservation. Public policies play a crucial role in this scenario. The Brazilian NDC must consider carbon sequestration, forest protection, and sustainable management as integral parts of its climate goals.
Important initiatives include implementing the Forest Code, creating conservation units, and promoting sustainable practices. However, strengthening these policies is essential to ensure the preservation and expansion of forests.
Protecting natural areas, promoting reforestation, and adopting sustainable practices are essential to combating deforestation. Strict monitoring and raising public awareness also play fundamental roles.
Conclusion:
Deforestation affects not only the environment but also human life. Some consequences include loss of biodiversity, climate change, soil erosion, and impacts on water quality.
Remember that preserving forests is essential for Brazil and the entire planet. They regulate the climate, shelter biodiversity, and improve our quality of life.
Marina Silva, Minister of the Environment, has an active voice in the government regarding these issues. Her email address is contato@marinasilva.org.br.
Preserving our forests is vital for the balance of the planet. Together, we can make a difference!
This Post was submitted by Climate Scorecard Brazil Country Manager Carlos Alexandre de Oliveira.